Multiphasic Study of Fluid-Dynamics and the Thermal Behavior of a Steel Ladle during Bottom Gas Injection Using the Eulerian Model

In this work, the fluid dynamic and thermal behavior of steel was analyzed during argon gas stirring in a 140-t refining ladle. The Eulerian multiphase mathematical model used conjunction with discrete ordinates (DO) radiation steel-slag-argon system. validated by particle image velocimetry (PIV) analysis opening oil layer physical scale model. effect Al2O3 Mg-C as refractory walls studied, Ranz-Marshall Tomiyama models were compared to determine heat exchange coefficient. results indicated that there no significant differences between these models; likewise, transfer adequately simulated according plant measurements, finding homogenization time 2.5 min for flow 0.45 Nm3·min?1. Finally, both types kept temperature within ranges recommended plant; however, use had better retention, which would favor operations.